00:00 00:17 The 3 ways of committing Estafa: (1) Estafa with unfaithfulness or abuse of confidence (2) Estafa by means of false pretenses or fraudulent acts (3) Estafa through fraudulent means 03:51 The element of "deceit" 04:56 Elements of estafa in general 06:56 Estafa by altering the substance, quantity, or quality of anything of value (Article 315, Subdivision 1 (a) --- 07:47 FIRST ELEMENT: That the offender has an onerous obligation to deliver something of value. 08:34 SECOND ELEMENT: That the offender alters its substance, quantity, or quality. 12:27 THIRD ELEMENT: That damage or prejudice is caused to the person to whom the thing was delivered. 13:47 What does the phrase “even though such obligation be based on an immoral or illegal consideration” under Article 315, Subdivision 1 (a) mean? 15:18 Has RA 10951 decriminalized Article 315, Subdivision 2 (e)?